Baldwin IV "fought successively both against the Capetian king of France and the emperor Henry II" who was forced to
grant him "in fief Valenciennes, the burggraveship of Ghent, the land of Waes and Zeeland. The count of Flanders thus
became a feudatory of the empire as well as of the French crown. The French fiefs are known in Flemish history as Crown
Flanders, the German fiefs as Imperial Flanders." {Encycl. Brit., 1956, 9:356} His nickname is "Handsome Beard". He
m. (2) a daughter of Richard II, Duke of Normandy.

References: [RFC],[PlantagenetA],[Paget1],[AR7],[Weis1]