What can you infer about the hand in question from the following if-then statement?
- If there is a king in the hand, then there is an ace, or else if there isn't a king in the hand, then there is an ace.
Many subjects infer that there must be an ace in the hand. But alas, this is wrong. (As to why, if you don't know, we're afraid we're going to keep you hanging till we formally diagnose this problem in the final section).
Let's round things out with a fourth logic problem presented in [Oakhill et al., 1989]: